This data set pertains to the process of casting primary aluminum ingots from liquid primary aluminum, a practice commonly occurring in 2017. Primary aluminum ingot, cast in this manner, is typically used in a wide range of industrial applications, including manufacturing of transport vehicles, construction materials, packaging, and in electrical industries for conductors. It is relevant when assessing the environmental impact of products or components made predominantly from cast aluminum. When utilizing this LCA data, users should pay careful attention to the scope of the assessed process, ensuring it corresponds with the intended application of the data in their environmental impact studies. It covers data for the year 2017 and should be used with regard to the technological practices prevalent at that time. The data should be adjusted if used for analyses in different regions or years, to reflect changes in technology and practice. Furthermore, any use of background data such as energy, materials, transportation, and waste management should consider the specific context and origin of the data, primarily from the Chinese localization LCA database CAS RCEES 2018. Data adjustment may be necessary to account for technological and methodological differences when applied to non-Chinese or more recent contexts.