amine oxide production, UPR, ecoinvent 3.6, Undefined
Location: GLO - Global
Amine oxides are surfactants and are therefore used for cleaning products and in the personal care industry. These products are used as foam stabilizers, for thickening, emulsification, conditioning, and as emollients. These are usually used in a concentration up to 10%. Amine oxides are always sold in solution state, usually in water with concentration between 25% and 35% (OECD 2006).
The annual production volume of amine oxides is of 26 thousand tonnes, 16 thousand tonnes and 6.8 thousand tonnes in the US, EU, Japan respectively (OECD 2006).
Reference(s):
Gendorf (2016) Umwelterklärung 2015, Werk Gendorf Industriepark, www.gendorf.de
OECD SIDS 2006. SIDS Initial Assessment Report For SIAM 22 Paris, France, 18-21 April 2006. Retrieved from: webnet.oecd.org/hpv/ui/handler.axd?id=b50d7d1a-50d1-488a-97e4-9cc71005b1a1, accessed 2 February 2017
Roose et al. 2015. Amines, Aliphatic. In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Electronic Release, pp.1-55. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
For more information on the model please refer to the dedicate ecoinvent report, access it in the Report section of ecoQuery (http://www.ecoinvent.org/login-databases.html)
Undefined unit processes (UPRs) are the unlinked, multi-product activity datasets that form the basis for all of the system models available in the ecoinvent database. This is the way the datasets are obtained and entered into the database by the data providers. These activity datasets are useful for investigating the environmental impacts of a specific activity (gate-to-gate), without regard to its upstream or downstream impacts.
Amine oxides are all surfactants because of their similar structure. All amine oxides are formed by an amine oxide polar “head” and an alkyl hydrophobic “tail”. The alkyl chain has between 8 and 20 C atoms (OECD 2006). This activity describes an amine oxide with C14. The product is the result of the reaction of dodecanol and dimethylamine (Roose et al. 2015). Hydrogen peroxide is used as oxidizing agent.
Chemical reaction:
C12H26O + (CH3)2NH + H2O2 -> C14H31NO + 2H2O
This inventory representing production of a particular chemical compound is at least partially based on a generic model on the production of chemicals. The data generated by this model have been improved by compound-specific data when available.
The model on production of chemicals is using specific industry or literature data wherever possible and more generic data on chemical production processes to fill compound-specific data gaps when necessary. The basic principles of the model have been published in literature (Hischier 2005, Establishing Life Cycle Inventories of Chemicals Based on Differing Data Availability). The model has been updated and extended with newly available data from the chemical industry.
In the model, unreacted fractions are treated in a waste treatment process, and emissions reported are after a waste treatment process that is included in the scope of this dataset. For volatile reactants, a small level of evaporation is assumed. Solvents and catalysts are mostly recycled in closed-loop systems within the scope of the dataset and reported flows are for losses from this system.
The main source of information for the values for heat, electricity, water (process and cooling), nitrogen, chemical factory is industry data from Gendorf. The values are a 5-year average of data (2011 - 2015) published by the Gendorf factory (Gendorf, 2016, Umwelterklärung, www.gendorf.de), (Gendorf, 2015, Umwelterklärung, www.gendorf.de), (Gendorf, 2014, Umwelterklärung, www.gendorf.de). The Gendorf factory is based in Germany, it produces a wide range of chemical substances. The factory produced 1657400 tonnes of chemical substances in the year 2015 (Gendorf, 2016, Umwelterklärung, www.gendorf.de) and 740000 tonnes of intermediate products.
Reference(s):
Hischier, R. (2005) Establishing Life Cycle Inventories of Chemicals Based on Differing Data Availability (9 pp). The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, Volume 10, Issue 1, pp 59–67. 10.1065/lca2004.10.181.7
Gendorf (2016) Umwelterklärung 2015, Werk Gendorf Industriepark, www.gendorf.de
OECD SIDS 2006. SIDS Initial Assessment Report For SIAM 22 Paris, France, 18-21 April 2006. Retrieved from: webnet.oecd.org/hpv/ui/handler.axd?id=b50d7d1a-50d1-488a-97e4-9cc71005b1a1, accessed 2 February 2017
Roose et al. 2015. Amines, Aliphatic. In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Electronic Release, pp.1-55. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
For more information on the model please refer to the dedicate ecoinvent report, access it in the Report section of ecoQuery (http://www.ecoinvent.org/login-databases.html)
ecoinvent EULA