The dataset describes the process of blast furnace ironmaking using pellet sinter to produce pig iron, an intermediate product used in steel making. This process is typically employed by the iron and steel industry for the mass production of steel components used in construction, transportation, appliances, and various types of machinery. Users of this dataset should consider technological advancements and fluctuations in the quality of pellet sinter when applying the data to life cycle assessments. Caution should be exercised regarding the specificity of the data, which originates from Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. The dataset is site-specific and reflects the technology and practices employed at this facility. Users should not generalize these results to other facilities without consideration of local conditions and technologies. Additionally, inclusion or exclusion of downstream processes such as steel making, casting, rolling, and potential end-of-life recycling should be clearly delineated based on the scope of the specific LCA study.