The impact of a typical traditional shaft kiln process on the resource consumption, energy consumption and environmental emissions involved in the cement production life cycle was quantified using 1t of ordinary silicate cement as a functional unit. When utilizing the data set for life cycle assessment, it is important to consider the energy consumption and emissions specific to the traditional shaft kiln technology. Recycling of materials, if any, should be considered in the assessment. The data regarding resource and energy consumption, as well as emission factors, should be interpreted in the context of existing standards and the specific technological process for producing ordinary Portland cement in the traditional shaft kiln. Users should update the dataset with the most recent emission factors and technological advances when available. The unit process (black box) approach should be used with the understanding that inputs and outputs are quantified, without detailed insight into the process itself.