Reference product: electricity, high voltage [kWh]
Location: IN-RJ - India, Rajasthan
This dataset represents the production of high voltage electricity in an average hard coal power plant in India - Rajasthan (a state/union territory in India) in 2012. 'Hard coal' includes anthracite, coking coal and other bituminous coal according to the definition of the IEA electricity information 2014. According to the Indian Energy Statistics, coals with a gross calorific value (moist, ash-free basis) which is not less than 24 MJ/kg or which is less than 24 MJ/kg provided that the coal has a vitrinite mean random reflectance greater than or equal to 0.6 per cent is considered as hard coal (CSO, 2015). This dataset is created as a child of the global dataset, i.e. some of the values are inherited from the global dataset and some are country-specific. Following values are edited, because they are country specific: the annual production volume, input of fuel, thermal efficiency of the power plant, emissions of CO2, CO, CH4, NO2, SO2, NMVOC, and Particulates.
Parameter data were used as an average value to represent a state/union territory. This average values are collected from Guttikunda and Jawahar 2014.
Comments on the inventory data of emissions:
Emission data, like parameter data, were used as an average value to represent a state/unioin territory. CO2, SOx, NOx, CO, CH4, VOC and Particulate Matter (PM) emission data were calculated using India specific parameter data (emission factor and input of fuel). All the other emissions were production-weighted averages of the figures in the datasets in ecoinvent version two, which are valid for the following 14 countries: AT, BE, ES, FR, IT, NL, PT, DE, CZ, HR, PL, SK, CN, US.
- The size distribution of particle emissions has been derived from German data.
- Halogene emissions have been estimated on the basis of the content of the species in the country-specific coal input mix, assuming average retention rates.
Indian hard coal electricity plants usually do not use De-SOx and De-NOx filter technologies. Therefore, the SOx retained and NOx retained exchanges in the inventory have been set to 0.
Emission of uranium and thorium radioactive isotopes were assumed proportional to the corresponding element emitted with particles; the other non-gaseous radioactive isotopes of the uranium and thorium decay chain were assumed proportional to the emitted U-238 or Th-232.
The emission of gaseous radon and K-40 are taken from the literature.
Sources:
IEA. 2014. Electricity Information 2014. ISBN 978-92-64-21692-1. International Energy Agency (IEA), Paris Cedex (FR)
European Environment Agency (1991) CORINAIR Inventory; VOC's Default Emission Factors
Guttikunda, S. K., & Jawahar, P. (2014). Atmospheric emissions and pollution from the coal-fired thermal power plants in India. Atmospheric Environment(92), 449-460
Dones, R., Bauer, C., Röder, A. (2007) Kohle. In: Dones, R. (Ed.) et al., Sachbilanzen von Energiesystemen: Grundlagen für den ökologischen Vergleich von Energiesystemen und den Einbezug von Energiesystemen in Ökobilanzen für die Schweiz. Final report ecoinvent No.
CSO (2015). Energy Statistics. Central Statistics Office, Government of India.
[This dataset is meant to replace the following datasets:
- electricity production, hard coal, IN, 1980 - 2015 (9565ae31-64ab-41f6-9f26-6aa164b4335e)]
[This dataset has been generated using the system model "Allocation, cut-off by classification". A system model describes how activity datasets are linked to form product systems. The allocation cut-off system model subdivides multi-product activities by allocation, based on a physical properties, economic, mass or other properties. By-products of waste treatment processes are cut-off, as are all by-products classified as recyclable. Markets in this model include all activities in proportion to their current production volume.
Version 3 of the ecoinvent database offers three system models to choose from. For more information, please visit: https://www.ecoinvent.org/database/system-models-in-ecoinvent-3/system-…)]