electricity production, hard coal, UPR, ecoinvent 3.6, Undefined
Location: LV - Latvia
This dataset represents the production of high voltage electricity in a modern hard coal power plant. 'Hard coal' includes anthracite, coking coal and other bituminous coal according to the definition of the IEA electricity information 2014. This activity is only used in the consequential version of the database; currently, hard coal is not used for power generation in this country, but is supposed to contribute to capacity replacement/expansion until 2030.
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Comments on the inventory data of emissions:
- For the assessment of main characteristics (sulphur and ash content of coal, efficiency of the plant) and CO2 a bottom-up approach has been used. It consists in the collection of information about single plants.
- The size distribution of particle emissions has been derived from German data.
- Halogene emissions have been estimated on the basis of the content of the species in the country-specific coal input mix, assuming average retention rates.
- For CO and particle emissions average values for the former UCTE are included (Union for the Coordination of the Transmission of Electricity, since 2009 replaced by ENTSO-E European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity).
- The country specific emission depend on the share of DeNOx.
- Emissions of trace elements were calculated by means of a formula (CORINAIR) using the ash content in the country-specific coal input mix and average transfer coefficients for coal power plants, taking into account the share of DeSOx installed.
- Emission of uranium and thorium radioactive isotopes were assumed proportional to the corresponding element emitted with particles; the other non-gaseous radioactive isotopes of the uranium and thorium decay chain were assumed proportional to the emitted U-238 or Th-232.
- The emission of gaseous radon and K-40 are taken from the literature.
IEA. 2014. Electricity Information 2014. ISBN 978-92-64-21692-1. International Energy Agency (IEA), Paris Cedex (FR)
European Environment Agency (1991) CORINAIR Inventory; VOC's Default Emission Factors
Undefined unit processes (UPRs) are the unlinked, multi-product activity datasets that form the basis for all of the system models available in the ecoinvent database. This is the way the datasets are obtained and entered into the database by the data providers. These activity datasets are useful for investigating the environmental impacts of a specific activity (gate-to-gate), without regard to its upstream or downstream impacts.
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Hard coal power plant input is a market mix of 100MWe power plants (representing all power plants with a capacity <250MWe and 7% of the installed capacity) and 500MWe power plants (representing all power plants with a capacity >250MWe and 93% of the installed capacity). The plants are used for middle load with 4000 hours of operation at full capacity per year. The plants are assumed to operate 150000 hours during its lifetime.
OTHER DATA:
- Share of installed capacity with desulfurisation 2% (rough estimation based on sulfur mass balance
- Average efficiency of desulfurisation installations: 92% (rough estimation based on Dones et al. 27
- Share of installed capacity with denitrification (primary and/or secondary installations): 73% (figure based on IEA 212 )
- Average efficiency of denitrification installations: 8% (estimation based on Dones et al. 27, p.128. Valid for selective catalytic reaction systems)
- Share of installed capacity with particle filters: 98% (figure based on IEA 212 )
- Average efficiency of particle filters: 98% (figure based on IEA 212 )
- IEA 2012. Coal Power Database. International Energy Agency Clean Coal Centre, London
- IEA/OECD. 2010. Electricity Information 2010. International Energy Agency (IEA), Paris Cedex (FR). Part IV. Detailed OECD Electricity And Heat Data.
- Dones, R., Bauer, C., Röder, A. (2007) Kohle. In: Dones, R. (Ed.) et al., Sachbilanzen von Energiesystemen: Grundlagen für den ökologischen Vergleich von Energiesystemen und den Einbezug von Energiesystemen in Ökobilanzen für die Schweiz. Final report ecoinvent No.
ecoinvent EULA