electricity production, lignite, UPR, ecoinvent 3.6, Undefined
Location: RU - Russia
This dataset represents the production of high voltage electricity in a modern lignite power plant. 'Lignite' is used as representant for 'brown coal', which includes sub-bituminous coal and lignite according to the definition of the IEA electricity information 2014. This activity is only used in the consequential version of the database; currently, lignite is not used for power generation in this country, but is supposed to contribute to capacity replacement/expansion until 2030.
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Comments on the inventory data of emissions:
- for the assessment of main characteristics (sulphur and ash content of coal, efficiency of the plant) and CO2 a bottom-up approach has been used. It consists in the collection of information about single plants.
- Halogene emissions have been estimated on the basis of the content of the species in the country-specific coal input mix, assuming average retention rates.
- For CO and particle emissions average values for the former UCTE are included (Union for the Coordination of the Transmission of Electricity, since 2009 replaced by ENTSO-E European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity).
- The country specific emissions of N2O depend on the share of DeNOx. - Emissions of trace elements were calculated by means of a formula (CORINAIR) using the ash content in the country-specific coal input mix and average transfer coefficients for coal power plants, taking into account the share of DeSOx installed.
- Emission of uranium and thorium radioactive isotopes were assumed proportional to the corresponding element emitted with particles; the other non-gaseous radioactive isotopes of the uranium and thorium decay chain were assumed proportional to the emitted U-238 or Th-232.
- The emission of gaseous radon and K-40 are taken from the literature.
IEA. 2009. Coal information, 2009 edition. Documentation for beyond 2020 files. International Energy Agency.
European Environment Agency (1991) CORINAIR Inventory; VOC's Default Emission Factors
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Undefined unit processes (UPRs) are the unlinked, multi-product activity datasets that form the basis for all of the system models available in the ecoinvent database. This is the way the datasets are obtained and entered into the database by the data providers. These activity datasets are useful for investigating the environmental impacts of a specific activity (gate-to-gate), without regard to its upstream or downstream impacts.
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Lignite power plant input is a dataset which consists of a mix of 30% 100MW power plant and 70% 500MW power plant. The plants are used for basic load with 6000 hours of operation at full capacity per year. The plants are assumed to operate 200000 hours during its lifetime.
OTHER DATA:
- Share of installed capacity with desulfurisation: 20% (rough estimation based on sulfur mass balance
- Average efficiency of desulfurisation installations: 92% (rough estimation based on Dones et al. 2007
- Share of installed capacity with denitrification: 73% (figure based on IEA 2012 )
- Average efficiency of denitrification installations: 80% (estimation based on Dones et al. 2007, p.128. Valid for selective catalytic reaction systems)
- Share of installed capacity with particle filters: 98% (figure based on IEA 2012 )
- Average efficiency of particle filters: 98% (figure based on IEA 2012 )
Sources :
1) Victoria: http://new.dpi.vic.gov.au/energy-future/our-energy-story/energy-in-vict…
2) Queensland: http://www.dme.qld.gov.au/Energy/power_stations.cfm
3) New South Wales: http://www.industry.nsw.gov.au/energy/electricity/generation
4) Map of Fossil Fuel Power Stations in Australia, DEWHA, http://www.ga.gov.au/fossil_fuel/
5) IEA 2012. Coal Power Database. International Energy Agency Clean Coal Centre, London
6) Australian National Pollutant Inventory, http://www.npi.gov.au/
7) IEA/OECD. 2010. Electricity Information 2010. International Energy Agency (IEA), Paris Cedex (FR). Part IV. Detailed OECD Electricity And Heat Data.
8) Dones, R., Bauer, C., Röder, A. (2007) Kohle. In: Dones, R. (Ed.) et al., Sachbilanzen von Energiesystemen: Grundlagen für den ökologischen Vergleich von Energiesystemen und den Einbezug von Energiesystemen in Ökobilanzen für die Schweiz. Final report ecoinvent No. 6-VI, Paul Scherrer Institut Villigen, Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories, Dübendorf, CH.
ecoinvent EULA