Several typical sludge treatment facilities in China, representing anaerobic digestion, composting, co-combustion, thermal drying-incineration, and cement production, respectively, are selected to carry out the inventory. Data are mainly taken from the site-specific measurement, either by field survey or by operation report. Sludge characteristics are based on the average values of the sites investigated. Users of this data should consider the specific context of the co-combustion process when applying this data set. The functional unit of 1 ton dry sludge (1 t-DS) must be consistently used in LCA models. Attention should be paid to the energy mix and the emissions associated with the co-combustion process. It is essential to consider the regional variations in waste composition and energy infrastructure.