The life cycle of winter wheats-summer maize rotation system mainly includes three stages: raw material mining and transportation, agricultural materials production and transportation, and crop planting, including coal, oil, natural gas, electricity and other raw materials mining and production, land resource utilization, fertilizer, pesticide and other agricultural materials production related energy consumption and pollutant emission. Including CO2, NH3, SO2, CH4, N2O and CO [11]. The environmental impact of plant equipment, construction facilities, production of transport tools and transportation of raw materials associated with the system is not considered. When using this data set for life cycle assessment, it is crucial to note that the environmental impacts related to infrastructure production for farming facilities, the equipments, and transportation of raw materials used in these processes are not included in the study. Data users should take care not to double-count emissions and should ensure that the boundaries of their environmental impact assessment are compatible with this limitation. This data should be used in conjunction with regional agricultural production practices and may require calibration for use in other geographical contexts.