The life cycle of winter wheats-summer maize rotation system mainly includes three stages: raw material mining and transportation, agricultural materials production and transportation, and crop planting, including coal, oil, natural gas, electricity and other raw materials mining and production, land resource utilization, fertilizer, pesticide and other agricultural materials production related energy consumption and pollutant emission. Including CO2, NH3, SO2, CH4, N2O and CO [11]. The environmental impact of plant equipment, construction facilities, production of transport tools and transportation of raw materials associated with the system is not considered. Users should apply this data set considering the methodological scope of the life cycle assessment, which includes the extraction and transportation of minerals and energy, production and transportation of agricultural inputs, and cultivation of crops. The environmental impacts of related infrastructure, facilities, and the transportation of materials are excluded. Careful consideration should be given to the temporal and geographical relevance of the data (2013, Fuping and Yangling regions). Additional modeling might be required to adjust for changes over time and different agricultural practices.