The article is based on research data collected from farmers and utilizes the theory of agricultural carbon footprint and life cycle assessment to quantitatively study the size and composition of the carbon footprint of the rice-wheat rotation system in the downstream area of the Yangtze River. Additionally, it further analyzes the factors that influence the carbon footprint. Users of this LCA data should ensure that the system boundary is correctly applied in their assessment, starting with the production of chemical fertilizers and electricity and terminating with the output of agricultural produce and pollutants during the planting process. It is important to consider both the agricultural input production system and the crop production system. The provided data should be used to evaluate the complete life cycle, from input production through crop harvest, for Gaotai County's corn production processes. Make sure to use additional local data where applicable to refine the assessment. This data is based on a stratified random sampling and should be used in accordance with similar methodological frameworks.