The main engineering categories to be carried out in petroleum exploration and production stage include seismic exploration, drilling, workover, oil and gas storage. According to the different areas of exploitation, it is divided into onshore oil exploitation and offshore oil exploitation. In these processes, the impact on the environment is mainly noise, waste water, waste gas and solid waste, but the most important is the two parts of wastewater and solid waste. Seismic exploration is usually divided into three stages: seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation. The techniques commonly used in seismic exploration include seismic source release (such as explosion source or vibration source), seismometer layout, seismic data recording and digital processing. Drilling technology involves the selection and operation of drilling equipment, the design and use of drill bit and drill pipe, and the circulation and management of drilling fluid. Common drilling methods include rotary drilling, circulation drilling and non-circulation drilling.Workover technology involves the repair of borehole wall, installation and fixing of casing, cement sealing and so on. The operation of the workover depends on the depth of the hole, the geology and the condition of the hole.