Location: GLO - Global
This dataset is a copy of the European dataset (sulfate pulp production, from softwood, bleached, RER, 2020), it represents an aggregation of the production of Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) and Totally Chlorine Free (TCF) kraft pulp, obtained from northern European softwood in 2017. Industry data was used which was provided by the European Pulp Industry Sector (EPIS).The used values are a weighted average of all corresponding pulp mills. The represented technology is considered state of the art for an European average.
PULP is a clean, wood-based, renewable and biodegradable raw material to make different paper, board and other products. The pulp, or fibers from the wood are separated in a kraft cooking process in a so-called fiber line. In a recovery line, the chemicals used in the cooking process are recovered to be used again and energy is produced. The third process is effluent treatment where gaseous and liquid discharges to the environment are continuously minimized and monitored.
"MAIN END USES FOR MARKET PULP
• Tissue (toilet paper)
• Graphic papers
• Specialty products
• Packaging
• Fluff pulp
• Viscose
• CMC etc.
MAIN END USES FOR MARKET PULP
• Tissue (toilet paper)
• Graphic papers
• Specialty products
• Packaging
• Fluff pulp
• Viscose
• CMC etc.
"
PRODUCTS GENERATED IN THE PULPING PROCESS include crude tall oil, turpentine, biogas from sludge, electricity, heat etc.
""EXAMPLES OF NEW BIO-PRODUCTS FROM PULP MILLS - from pulp, lignin, bark and wood residues
• Bio-fuels
• Bio-chemicals
• Bio-composites
• Bio-plastics
• Bio-fibrils
• Bio-medical products
""
CAPACITIES
The world’s total market pulp capacity is ca 64 million tons. The Western European capacity for market pulp is ca. 13 million tons. The Latin American eucalyptus pulp capacity is ca. 22 million tons. (2018)
SPECIES

Softwood pulp is made from coniferous trees, most typically from different species of pine and spruce.

Hardwood pulp is made from non-coniferous trees, in Nordic countries primarily of birch. Eucalyptus hardwood pulp is made exclusively of eucalyptus species.

CHARACTERISTICS
Softwood fibers are long and slender and are used to give the paper and board products their strength properties.
Hardwood fibers are short and can be rounder and their number per gram of pulp is much larger; they give the end product its smoothness, softness and optical properties like opacity (that you cannot see through the paper).

Undefined unit processes (UPRs) are the unlinked, multi-product activity datasets that form the basis for all of the system models available in the ecoinvent database. This is the way the datasets are obtained and entered into the database by the data providers. These activity datasets are useful for investigating the environmental impacts of a specific activity (gate-to-gate), without regard to its upstream or downstream impacts.